Abstract
The popping phenomenon during radiofrequency catheter ablation is well known to experienced electrophysiologists. When the electrode-tissue interface temperature increases rapidly above the boiling point, it can vaporize blood, thus causing a mini-explosion and an audible pop. Evaporation may occur intramurally, leading to gas bubble formation within the tissue. With continued energy application, this bubble expands and erupts through the weakest path, cleaving the tissues. Whether the intramural vaporization and explosion can lead to shock-wave production, with consequent cavitation and microbubble formation akin …
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