Tissue Optical Clearing in the Ultraviolet for Clinical Use in Dentistry to Optimize the Treatment of Chronic Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Alexey A Selifonov,Valery V Tuchin

doi:10.18287/jbpe20.06.040301

Abstract

The immersion optical clearing (OC) treatment with a highly concentrated glycerol solution has induced three new tissue windows in the UV spectral range of gingival tissues – from 200 to 250 nm, from 250 to 300 nm and from 300 to 400 nm. By combining the immersion OC technique in human tissues with UV-spectroscopy, it was possible to verify and study the major OC mechanisms – tissue dehydration and refractive index matching, and that the OC efficiency is higher in the deep-UV than in the visible-NIR range. Since all biological tissues present high scattering in the UV range, the presented technology, which basically reduces the strong light scattering in the UV range, has a broad application area in medicine. The effectiveness of the developed technology combining UV phototherapy and OC in application to treatment of aphthous recurrent stomatitis in children was demonstrated.

Highlights

When radiation interacts with biological tissues, such effects as absorption, reflection and scattering are observed that, to varying degrees, make a significant contribution to the diagnosis of diseases, the study of healthy and pathological biological tissues, the development of photothermal and light therapy procedures, etc [1]
It was found that short-wave UV radiation causes lethal mutations in microorganisms and has a bactericidal effect; medium-wave UV radiation induces the synthesis of provitamin D and activates biogenic amines in the irradiated tissues; long-wave UV radiation induces the transport of melanin granules and inhibits the pathological proliferation of cells of pre-sensitized biological tissue [2]
The main source of light scattering in biological tissues is the inhomogeneity of the refractive index due to the difference in its values for the components of biological tissues, i.e. mitochondria, nuclei, other organelles and cell cytoplasm; or for interstitial fluid and

Summary

Introduction

When radiation interacts with biological tissues, such effects as absorption, reflection and scattering are observed that, to varying degrees, make a significant contribution to the diagnosis of diseases, the study of healthy and pathological biological tissues, the development of photothermal and light therapy procedures, etc [1]. Biophysical and photochemical studies have shown that UV radiation causes ionization of molecules and the destruction of covalent bonds in biological tissues; visible radiation – causes their electronic excitation; and infrared radiation is capable of changing oscillatory processes in biological molecules. Optical imaging of deep tissue layers is used to identify malignant neoplasms in the early stages by applying visible and NIR imaging systems, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescence, Raman, and multiphoton microscopies, fiber optic technologies for delivering radiation to pathological areas and back [3].

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