Abstract
BackgroundUterine tissue engineering can provide the opportunity for curing female infertility. Natural scaffold is a good choice to recapitulate the architecture and functionality of the native tissue. In this study, we purposed the potential of uterine decellularized scaffolds as an adequate natural niche for MenSCs differentiation toward uterus-specific cell lineages.MethodsMouse’s uterus was decellularized by immersion of hypo and hypertonic salts or freeze–thaw cycle followed by immersion in Triton X-100 and SDS solutions. MenSCs were isolated from the menstrual blood of 6 healthy women. The decellularized and recellularized samples were prepared for further in vitro and in vivo analyses.ResultsHistochemical studies and Raman spectroscopy revealed uterine ECM was preserved well, and the cells were completely removed after decellularization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the 3D ultrastructure of the uterus remained intact. Flowcytometric examination with CD34, CD44, CD105, CD106, CD144 markers revealed stem cell characters of cells that isolated from menstrual blood. MTT assay confirmed the bioavailability of MenSCs cultured scaffolds after 7 and 10 days.ConclusionHistochemical studies, SEM images, and Raman spectra showed MenSCs seeded and growth in uterine scaffolds. Immunostaining using anti-cytokeratin (CK), anti-desmin (Des), anti-vimentin (Vim), and anti-smooth muscle actin (SMA) antibodies showed MenSCs differentiation to epithelial and smooth muscle tissues. The Raman spectroscopy revealed the extracellular matrix (ECM) of decellularized uterine scaffolds was well preserved. The decellularized uterus can be considered a promising vehicle to support cell transplantation and differentiation. MenSCs are a good choice for uterine tissue engineering. The complete decellularization from mice uterine tissue was done by combining chemical agents
Highlights
Uterine tissue engineering can provide the opportunity for curing female infertility
There were some remnant nuclei in the endometrium of the decellularized uterus after two other methods of hypertonic and hypotonic solutions and freeze and thaw
Natural scaffold preparation using Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Triton X-100 was selected for MenSCs recellularization
Summary
Uterine tissue engineering can provide the opportunity for curing female infertility. We purposed the potential of uterine decellularized scaffolds as an adequate natural niche for MenSCs differentiation toward uterusspecific cell lineages. The annual mortality rates for road traffic fatalities were 21.9 and 5 per 100,000 people [1]. Tissue engineering is an important field of regenerative medicine for tissue repair. In this method the use of stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) deriving from a different source of body and scaffold improve or replace damaged tissues. Natural scaffolds can provide an adequate environment similar to that of the extracellular subunit material for the cells, and due to the proper immunological response, angiogenicity, the ability to improve cell adhesion and homeostasis are very important [2]
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