Tissue engineered cartilage culture in rabbits' knee cavity by homologous decalcified bone matrix combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Objective To compare the superiority of cultivating tissue engineered cartilage by homologous decalcified bone matrix combined with bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in rabbits' knee cavity with culture in vitro. Methods Archiogeneration BMSCs were isolated and purified by adhering to the culture glassware wall from neonatal New Zealand white rabbits. The third generation BMSCs were induced to chondrocytes by transforming growth factor TGF-β1, insulin-like growth factor IGF-1 and vitamin C. Seven days later, the cells were bond to homologous decalcified bone matrix and cultured in vitro (group A) , cultured in rabbits' left knee cavity (group B) , or bond to homologous decalcified bone matrix and cultured in rabbits' right knee cavity ( group C ). Every 4 weeks after cellular transplant, all rabbits in groups B and C were sacrificed and paraffin-embedded sections were made from the specimens.All the section were subjected to H-E stain, toluidine blue stain and type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical staining with chromogen diaminobenzidine ( DAB) . Immunohistochemical absorbance ( A) values were calculated by morphology analysis software. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard, and satistical analysis was performed by t test, one-way ANOVA using SPSS 15. 0 software. Results After cultivation for 4 weeks, H-E stain showed diffuse distribution of chondrocytes on scaffold' s surface in group A.In group B, there were a great quantity of chondrocytes in the scaffold, and cartilage lacuna, matrix anachromasis and isogenous group were group. At the 8th week, in group B maturated chondrocytes and isogenous groups arranged as column, surrounded by a pond of cellular matrix infiltrating into the scaffolds. The decalcified bone matrix was absorbed partly. At the 12th week, all the scaffolds were absorbed obviously.Chondrocytes filled into the scaffolds in group A, but arranged irregularly. In group B chondrocytes arranged in the stress orientation. At 4th, 8th, and 12th week, A values of type Ⅱ collagen in group B was significantly higher than in group A with the different being significant. Conclusion Compound of Homologous decalcified bone matrix-induced BMSCs cultured in rabbits' knee cavity could yield better histological feature tissue engineered cartilage. Key words: Tissue engineered bone; Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; Joint cavity