Tissue alterations after tooth extraction with and without surgical trauma: a volumetric study in the beagle dog

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether tooth extraction without the elevation of a muco-periosteal flap has advantageous effects on the resorption rate after tooth extraction. In five beagle dogs polyether impressions were taken before the surgery. The roots of the first and second pre-molars (P(1) and P(2)) were extracted and the sites were assigned to one of the following treatments: treatment group (Tx) 1, no treatment; Tx 2, surgical trauma (flap elevation and repositioning); Tx 3, the extraction socket was filled with BioOss Collagen and closed with a free soft-tissue graft; Tx 4, after flap elevation and repositioning, the extraction socket was treated with BioOss Collagen and a free soft-tissue graft. Impressions were taken 2 and 4 months after surgery. The casts were scanned, matched together with baseline casts and evaluated with digital image analysis. The "flapless groups" demonstrated significant lower resorption rates both when using socket-preservation techniques and without. Furthermore, socket-preservation techniques yielded better results compared with not treating the socket. The results demonstrate that leaving the periosteum in place decreases the resorption rate of the extraction socket. Furthermore, the treatment of the extraction socket with BioOss Collagen and a free gingival graft seems beneficial in limiting the resorption process after tooth extraction.