Tissue accumulation and the moult cycle in juveniles of the Australian freshwater crayfish Cherax destructor

Abstract

SUMMARY1. This paper investigates moult stage and size‐specific changes in whole body composition during growth in juvenile crayfish in order to better describe the nature of growth and energy use.2. Composition is described in terms of moult stage and size‐specific wet, dry and ash‐free dry weight, water, carbon, protein nitrogen, non‐protein nitrogen, ash and energy. Dry weight and ash‐free dry weight (AFDW) peaked in the middle and in the later stages of premoult. Both peaks were about 2–2.3 times postmoult weight. Losses in tissue weight during ecdysis were substantial in the smallest crayfish but declined with size. Water was taken up between late premoult and early postmoult. Tissue accumulation occurred primarily between B and D1.3, with further weight gain largely the result of fluid uptake. Ash increased immediately postmoult with a major peak occurring during intermoult. Mean organic carbon varied between 33 and 35.5% of the body and 49% of the exuvia. Chitin varied between 9 and 17% of body AFDW and made up about 50.5% of the exuvia. Protein content varied between 47 and 62% of body AFDW and about 25% of the exuvia. Carbon, chitin and protein were not affected by moult stage but protein declined with ocular carapace length (OCL) in larger crayfish. Mean caloric content varied between 19 and 22 J mg‐1 AFDW depending on size and moult stage. Caloric content increased with OCL during premoult and early intermoult then declined with size until part of the way through premoult.3. Relationships between protein, chitin and remaining carbon (organic carbon minus chitin) were examined. It is suggested that protein and some carbon are catabolized during the moulting process, possibly to fuel metabolism. Models are presented showing changes in proximate composition over the moult cycle for two sizes of crayfish, and tissue and energy accumulation and loss over a series of moult cycles and sizes from 3.1 mm to 17 mm OCL.