Abstract
To analyze the influence of suspension kinematics on tire wear, detailed simulation models are required. In this study, a non-linear, flexible multibody model of a rear axle system is built up in the simulation software MSC Adams/View. The physical model comprises the suspension kinematics, compliance, and dynamics as well as the non-linear behavior of the tire using the FTire model. FTire is chosen because it has a separate tire tread model to compute the contact pressure and friction force distribution in the tire contact patch. To build up the simulation model, a large amount of data is needed. Bushings, spring, and damper characteristics are modeled based on measurements. For the structural components (e.g., control arms), reverse engineering techniques are used. The components are 3D-scanned, reworked, and included as a modal reduced finite element (FE)-model using component mode synthesis by Craig–Bampton. Finally, the suspension model is validated by comparing the simulated kinematic and compliance characteristics to experimental results. To investigate the interaction of suspension kinematics and tire wear, straight line driving events, such as acceleration, driving with constant velocity, and deceleration, are simulated with different setups of wheel suspension kinematics. The influence of the setups on the resulting friction work between tire and road is examined, and an exemplarily calculation of tire wear based on a validated FTire tire model is carried out. The results demonstrate, on the one hand, that the chosen concept of elasto-kinematic axle leads to a relatively good match with experimental results and, on the other hand, that there are significant possibilities to reduce tire wear by adjusting the suspension kinematics.
Highlights
Road traffic is a key source of dust, particulate matter, CO2, NOx, and other pollutant emissions [1,2,3]
The results demonstrate, on the one hand, that the chosen concept of elastokinematic axle leads to a relatively good match with experimental results and, on the other hand, that there are significant possibilities to reduce tire wear by adjusting the suspension kinematics
This paper presents an elasto-kinematic multibody rear axle modeling approach in MSC Adams/View, a widespread physics-based multibody simulation tool, to analyze the influence of the kinematics of wheel travel on friction work in the tire contact patch and tire wear
Summary
Road traffic is a key source of dust, particulate matter, CO2, NOx, and other pollutant emissions [1,2,3]. Vehicles 2021, 3 on the magnitude of forces acting in the contact patch between tire and road, and on the exact way they are generated [8,23] This means the operating conditions of the tire should be simulated as realistically as possible [8], considering the interactions with the subsystems suspension system and the road. This paper presents an elasto-kinematic multibody rear axle modeling approach in MSC Adams/View, a widespread physics-based multibody simulation tool, to analyze the influence of the kinematics of wheel travel on friction work in the tire contact patch and tire wear. The results were generated in a driving simulation with higher wheel load, which leads to approximately 20 mm positive wheel center displacement relative to the design position
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