Tips for Protecting Critically Ill Patients From Pressure Ulcers

Abstract

Animportant focus in critical care units is maintaining circulatory, respiratory, and renal function. Care of critically ill patients also requires interventions that are designed to prevent pressure ulcers, an all-too-common complication of immobility, inadequate nutrition, and illnesses or medications that affect blood flow and perfusion. Pressure injuries may be avoidable when consistent attention is given to assessment, nutrition, and appropriate positioning within appropriate time frames. At least 10 published guidelines for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers can be found on the National Guidelines Clearinghouse Web site (www.guideline.gov). A planned repositioning schedule tailored to each individual patient is recommended in all pressure ulcer prevention guidelines. Recently, the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, in collaboration with the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, announced updated guidelines for prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. Each guideline recommendation is supported by a rigorous review of the literature and a strength-of-evidence rating. The goals in progressive mobility programs, specifically prevention of complications associated with immobility, are aligned with recommended interventions for pressure ulcer prevention. Techniques for progressive mobility can be combined with repositioning techniques recommended for prevention of pressure ulcers.