Abstract
Tipburn (calcium (Ca) deficiency disorder) is a major problem in the production of lisianthus cultivars. However, few studies have investigated the influence of different Ca concentrations in nutrient solution on tipburn incidence and Ca acquisition and distribution. Thus, it remains unclear why some cultivars exhibit tipburn under high Ca concentrations. To address this, we used three lisianthus cultivars ‘Azuma-no-Kaori’ (AK), ‘Celeb Wine’ (CW), and ‘Voyage Yellow’ (VY) and compared tipburn incidence and Ca acquisition and distribution under different Ca concentrations in a nutrient solution (low (40 ppm), moderate (80 ppm), and high (120 ppm) Ca). Tipburn severity and incidence in AK and VY significantly decreased with increasing nutritional Ca concentrations; the Ca concentrations in each organ and Ca acquisition competence (RGRCa) increased at higher nutritional Ca concentrations. In contrast, tipburn incidence in CW was 100% for all treatments. In CW, Ca acquisition competence and Ca concentrations in most organs increased with increasing nutritional Ca concentrations, but the Ca concentrations in the tips of the upper leaves did not differ significantly between treatments. Thus, our results suggest that the cause of tipburn under sufficient Ca conditions is an inability of the plant to distribute Ca to the tips of its upper leaves.
Highlights
Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.) is a species in the family Gentianaceae that originated in the warm regions of the southern United States and northern Mexico
The occurrence of tipburn (calcium (Ca) deficiency disorder) is a major problem for the production of lisianthus cultivars because it causes shipment delay, deterioration in plant quality, and serious economic losses
The lisianthus cultivars used in this study were ‘Azuma-no-Kaori’ (AK) (Sakata Seed Corporation, Yokohama, Japan), ‘Celeb Wine’ (CW) (Sumika Agrotech Co., Ltd., Osaka City, Japan), and ‘Voyage
Summary
Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.) is a species in the family Gentianaceae that originated in the warm regions of the southern United States and northern Mexico. Its cultivars are mainly supplied in the form of cut flowers. The wholesale value of lisianthus cultivars ranked fifth among cut flowers in Japan in 2017. Most of the lisianthus cultivars produced around the world are bred by Japanese seed companies. The occurrence of tipburn (calcium (Ca) deficiency disorder) is a major problem for the production of lisianthus cultivars because it causes shipment delay, deterioration in plant quality, and serious economic losses. The cause of tipburn has been widely investigated in commercial crops such as lettuce [1,2,3,4,5], Chinese cabbage [6,7,8,9], strawberries [10,11,12,13], and lilies [14,15,16]
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