Abstract
Removal of a triphenylmethane dye (crystal violet, CV) by a simultaneous enzymatic-photocatalytic-adsorption treatment was investigated in this work. A desirable synergistic effect on dye treatment was achieved by decorating laccase (Lac) onto the surface of TiO2 sol-gel coated polyacrylonitrile/organically modified montmorillonite (PAN/O-MMT) nanofibers prepared by electrospinning. The assembly of Lac on the surface of PAN/O-MMT/TiO2 nanofibers was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). In comparison with free Lac, the immobilized Lac showed better pH, temperature and operational stabilities, reaching highest relative activity at an optimum pH of 3 and optimum temperature of 50 °C. Therefore, the immobilized Lac displayed a higher degradation efficiency of CV at an initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L, an optimum pH of 4.5 and temperature at 60 °C. Under UV illumination, the CV removal efficiency was further improved by ~20%. These results demonstrated that the Lac-immobilized PAN/O-MMT/TiO2 composite nanofibers with a combined effect between the immobilized enzyme and the polymeric support have potential for industrial dye degradation.
Highlights
Wastewater pollution has been an increasingly serious problem that garners significant attention from society and scientific researchers over the past five decades
These works show that the sequence of photocatalytic and biocatalytic processes has no influence on the final treatment efficiency
Our findings demonstrate that TiO2 sol-gel coated PAN/O-MMT nanofibers is an excellent support for laccase immobilization and the
Summary
Wastewater pollution has been an increasingly serious problem that garners significant attention from society and scientific researchers over the past five decades. These works show that the sequence of photocatalytic and biocatalytic processes has no influence on the final treatment efficiency It is promising for Lac and TiO2 to work simultaneously, further improving the dye degradation efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Among the carriers of Lac and TiO2 , electrospun nanofibrous membranes have been proven to have great potential in wastewater treatment, especially with the addition of adsorbent material in the process of electrospinning [31]. The removal efficiency with and without the presence of UV light was compared to study the synergistic effect of simultaneous enzymatic-adsorption or enzymatic-photocatalytic-adsorption treatment To this end, our findings demonstrate that TiO2 sol-gel coated PAN/O-MMT nanofibers is an excellent support for laccase immobilization and the. Lac-immobilized PAN/O-MMT/TiO2 functional composite nanofibrous membrane is a promising material with application potential for dye degradation.
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