Abstract
A new ratoon rice cropping method known as the SALIBU system, which uses the lower nodes of the stubble, is gradually spreading throughout the tropical regions. In the technology package, ‘cutting twice’ has a large effect on the number of ratoons (tillers), and interestingly, the effect changed from positive to negative with changes in the management conditions used to cultivate rice. A previous study investigated conditions including fertilizing, water management, and growth stage at harvesting; however, which of these conditions has the greatest effect on the effect of ‘cutting twice’ remains unclear. We performed a pot experiment to clarify which of the level of fertilizer or the delay of harvesting time affects the number of ratoons. The results showed that with a short delay in harvesting there were almost no ratoons, a long delay in harvesting resulted in many ratoons. By contrast, the single cutting results in ratoons. This indicates the negative effect of cutting twice occur due to earlier harvesting. However, adding fertilizer results in more ratoons, and the response to delayed harvesting showed a similar tendency; in short, no reverse effect occurred due to the level of fertilizer. Harvesting earlier (at the physiological maturation stage; 25% green husk) than normal is emphasized in the SALIBU technology package. However, our results show the ‘cutting twice’ has a negative effect on the number of ratoons when harvesting early.
Highlights
The cultivation of rice using ratooning has several advantages over conventional cultivation, including lower costs, lower labor intensity, and lower greenhouse gas emissions (Sacks, 2013; Safruddin, 2017)
Oda et al (2019) show cutting twice can have a large effect on the number of ratoons; the effect can be reversed by different management conditions, such as adding fertilizer, delaying harvesting, or changing the type of water management used
We performed a pot experiment to investigate the effects that the level of fertilizer and the delay in harvesting time had on the number of ratoons
Summary
The cultivation of rice using ratooning has several advantages over conventional cultivation, including lower costs, lower labor intensity, and lower greenhouse gas emissions (Sacks, 2013; Safruddin, 2017). (1) early harvesting, (2) pre-fertilization (at seven days before harvesting), (3) cutting twice (rice was harvested 25 cm above the ground, cut again at 3–5 cm above ground), (4) late irrigation (irrigation was started on day 14 after harvesting), (5) hand weeding, (6) dividing (dividing hills into two or three tillers and replanting to fill the space), (7) pushing (pushing the rice plants into the soil if the root came up on the soil surface), (8) removing excess plants (to keep original plant density), (9) draining from day 29 to 43 after harvesting, and (10) draining for the above (5) to (9) treatments This new methodology has yet to be well studied. - not "early planting" that is conventional in the Mekong delta
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