Abstract

X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs) are a new generation of x-ray sources, offering highly coherent, intense x-ray pulses with pulse lengths down to a few femtoseconds. Applications for intense X-ray pulses from XFELS span a broad spectrum from atomic and molecular physics to chemical, materials and biological sciences [1]. Recently, XFELs proved the ability to produce two intense femtosecond x-ray pulses with controlled time delay and color [1,2]. This opened the possibility of carrying out time-resolved studies of complex x-ray induced phenomena with x-ray pump / x-ray probe schemes [3].

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