Time-dependent Darboux (supersymmetric) transformations for non-Hermitian quantum systems

Abstract

We propose time-dependent Darboux (supersymmetric) transformations that provide a scheme for the calculation of explicitly time-dependent solvable non-Hermitian partner Hamiltonians. Together with two Hermitian Hamilitonians the latter form a quadruple of Hamiltonians that are related by two time-dependent Dyson equations and two intertwining relations in form of a commutative diagram. Our construction is extended to the entire hierarchy of Hamiltonians obtained from time-dependent Darboux–Crum transformations. As an alternative approach we also discuss the intertwining relations for Lewis–Riesenfeld invariants for Hermitian as well as non-Hermitian Hamiltonians that reduce the time-dependent equations to auxiliary eigenvalue equations. The working of our propsals is discussed for a hierarchy of explicitly time-dependent rational, hyperbolic, Airy function and nonlocal potentials.