Abstract
Goal: This research aims to examine the trade-off behaviour between productivity, quality and maintenance performance and evaluate the efficiency of the framework integrated to a time variability in operational management. 
 Design / Methodology / Approach: The proposed framework integrates a stochastic analysis of process and TVM to manage process variability and analyse the trade-off behaviour between quality, productivity, and maintenance efficiency. The framework generates a control chart for each workstation and analyses the operator's time to execute an assembly process for six workstations. The processes are characterised and evaluated via stochastic simulation, resulting in a trade-off analysis with a multicriteria approach.
 Results: A relational graphic of performance dimensions shows that productivity and maintenance performance have a high dependency on time variability management, whereas quality has a minor impact over trade-off decisions. The proposed framework has a huge significance to operational management which allow to apply complex models to time variability analysis and organisation performance.
 Limitations of the investigation: The trade-off analysis in this study is limited to a constant trade-off model to validate the framework.
 Practical implications: This framework, used in association with traditional management philosophies, is a powerful tool that permits managers to develop a trade-off analysis and make decisions on workstations. Thus, a research field that correlates time variability with performance dimensions may be validated by this framework.
 Originality / Value: A framework that allows the use of MCDM to analyse the trade-off behaviour on organization performance and a trade-off analysis between performance dimensions and time variability management in operational performance.
Highlights
Because of the complexity of the current market, where several factors are considered as necessary for competitiveness, companies must look forward beyond traditional methods to increase their efficiency
A relational graphic of performance dimensions shows that productivity and maintenance performance have a high dependency on time variability management, whereas quality has a minor impact over trade-off decisions
A research field that correlates time variability with performance dimensions may be validated by this framework
Summary
Because of the complexity of the current market, where several factors are considered as necessary for competitiveness, companies must look forward beyond traditional methods to increase their efficiency. Time variability management and trade-off analysis of quality, productivity, and maintenance efficiency as part of a systemic production chain, which accounts for processes inside the company and all factors that affect the product delivered to the customer (Asgari et al, 2016; Wang et al, 2015). The complexity of system analysis or of the decision-making process occurs because several elements inside and outside of the organization are interrelated (Fang and Marle, 2012; Moktadir et al, 2019) Some authors explain this principle by proposing frameworks (Sant'Anna, 2015) that consider the complexity of a holistic DSS due to a large number of variables. We analyse the trade-off behaviour between performance dimensions, evaluate the efficiency of a DSS integrated with trade-off analysis, and identify activities with a high sensitivity to valueadded interactions on the production system
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