Abstract
ABSTRACTThere is a resurgence of interest in time-use research driven, inter alia, by the desire to understand if development interventions, especially when targeted to women, lead to time constraints by increasing work burdens. This has become a primary concern in agriculture-nutrition research. But are time-use data useful to explore agriculture-nutrition pathways? This study develops a conceptual framework of the micro-level linkages between agriculture, gendered time use, and nutrition and analyzes how time use has been conceptualized, operationalized, and interpreted in agriculture-nutrition literature on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The paper argues that better metrics, but also conceptualizations and analytics of time use, are needed to understand gendered trade-offs in agriculture-nutrition pathways. In particular, the potential unintended consequences can be grasped only if the analysis of time use shifts from being descriptive to a more theoretical and analytical understanding of time constraints, their trade-offs, and resulting changes in activity.
Highlights
The promotion of healthy lives and well-being is a priority in development agendas
There is a resurgence of interest in time-use research driven, inter alia, by the desire to understand if development interventions, especially when targeted to women, lead to time constraints by increasing work burdens
Are time-use data useful to explore agriculture-nutrition pathways? This study develops a conceptual framework of the micro-level linkages between agriculture, gendered time use, and nutrition and analyzes how time use has been conceptualized, operationalized, and interpreted in agriculture-nutrition literature on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)
Summary
The promotion of healthy lives and well-being is a priority in development agendas. the burdens of malnutrition and disease are multiple, differentiated, and have various root causes. ARTICLE agriculture-food systems and health and nutrition outcomes are multiple, complex, both direct and indirect, and difficult to document (Kadiyala et al 2014; Webb and Kennedy 2014). A central link between agriculture and nutrition is time use – that is, the ways in which agriculture determines how people allocate time to productive and reproductive work and the implications these may have on nutrition. One hypothesis tested in some literature is that high or increasing agriculture-related time burdens, especially for women, may have negative repercussions on nutrition. Based on a conceptual framework of the micro-level linkages between agriculture, intrahousehold division of labor, and nutrition, this paper examines how a collection of studies on agriculture, gendered time use, and nutrition conceptualize, operationalize, and interpret time use. The focus is on rural settings in lowand middle-income countries (LMICs)
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