Abstract
BackgroundHuman biomonitoring studies have demonstrated decreasing concentrations of many persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in years after emission peaks. ObjectivesTo describe time trends of POPs in blood using four cross-sectional samples of 30 year olds from Tromsø, Norway across 1986–2007, and to compare the measured concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyl 153 (PCB-153) to model-estimated values. A second objective was to compare the repeated cross-sectional time trends with those observed in our previous longitudinal study using repeated individual measurements in older men from the same surveys. MethodsSerum from 45 persons aged 30 years in each of the following years: 1986, 1994, 2001, and 2007 was analyzed for 14 POPs. Further, predicted concentrations of PCB-153 in each sampling year were derived using the emission-based CoZMoMAN model. ResultsThe median decreases in summed serum POP concentrations (lipid-adjusted) in 1994, 2001, and 2007 relative to 1986 were − 71%, − 81%, and − 86% for women and − 65%, − 77%, and − 87% for men, respectively. The overall time trend in predicted PCB-153 concentrations demonstrated agreement with the observed trend although model predictions were higher than the measured concentrations at all time points. Compared to our previous longitudinal study of repeated individual measurements in older men, similar although more prominent declines were observed in the younger cross-sectional samples. DiscussionObserved declines in serum concentrations from 1986 to 2007 were substantial for legacy POPs in men and women at reproductive ages in Northern Norway and are generally consistent with previous longitudinal biomonitoring efforts in the study population. The measured concentrations and observed declines likely reflect a combination of recent and historic exposures. Small differences in time trends observed between the studies could be attributed to different study designs (i.e. the chosen age group or sex and cross-sectional versus repeated individual measurement sampling).
Highlights
Biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in humans has demonstrated decreasing concentrations of POPs for which historic production and use have been restricted or banned in national and international efforts
The overall time trend in predicted polychlorinated biphenyl 153 (PCB-153) concentrations demonstrated agreement with the observed trend model predictions were higher than the measured concentrations at all time points
Compared to our previous longitudinal study of repeated individual measurements in older men, similar more prominent declines were observed in the younger cross-sectional samples
Summary
Biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in humans has demonstrated decreasing concentrations of POPs for which historic production and use have been restricted or banned in national and international efforts. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and many organochlorine pesticides have decreased in human blood in many ‘western countries’ since the 1980s (Hagmar et al, 2006; Hovinga et al, 1992; Høyer et al, 2000; Tee et al, 2003; Vo et al, 2008). In our previous longitudinal study of five repeated individual measurements of serum POP concentrations in 53 men from. Northern Norway, we demonstrated decreasing concentrations of many. Human biomonitoring studies have demonstrated decreasing concentrations of many persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in years after emission peaks
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