Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze prostate cancer mortality and time trends in Brazil, according to major geographic regions, States, and age brackets. Data on deaths from 1980 to 2010 were obtained from the Mortality Information System. Mortality trends were estimated using Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression. An upward time trend was observed in mortality in all regions of Brazil, with a mean annual increase of 2.8%. The upward trend in mortality occurred in most of the age brackets, with a concentration of deaths in men 70 to 79 years of age (41%) and a significant increase in the 40 to 60-year age bracket. The mortality rate increased significantly in all age brackets in the Northeast, compared to the other regions of Brazil. The study highlighted the importance of redistributing deaths from ill-defined causes in order to correct the mortality rates. The results point to significant regional differences and the need for continuous monitoring of mortality from prostate cancer in Brazil.
Highlights
Prostate cancer is the second leading tumor in incidence and the sixth cause of death among men in the world 1
An upward time trend was observed in mortality in all regions of Brazil, with a mean annual increase of 2.8%
The study analyzed historical series of prostate cancer mortality according to age bracket, States, and major geographic regions of Brazil from 1980 to 2010
Summary
Prostate cancer is the second leading tumor in incidence and the sixth cause of death among men in the world 1. In Brazil, in the two years 2012 and 2013 there were approximately 60,180 new cases of prostate cancer, or an estimated risk of 62 new cases per 100,000 men, ranking first among cancers in men, excluding skin cancer 2. In 20 years, the crude mortality rate increased from 3.7 deaths (1979) to 8.9 deaths per 100,000 (1990), ranking second as cause of death from cancer among men since 1999 3. The economic cost of detecting, treating, and monitoring prostate cancer is high, due to the aggregate costs, burdening the health system and individual patients and contributing to the families’ impoverishment 4. Prostate cancer raises serious challenges for the development of preventive measures, given the lack of knowledge on its natural history, in addition to presenting a prolonged latency period with multifocal and heterogeneous characteristics 6
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