Time Series Surface Deformation of Changbaishan Volcano Based on Sentinel-1B SAR Data and Its Geological Significance

Zhiguo Meng,Chengzhi Wu,Dongzhen Wang,Ying Yang,Chuanzeng Shu,Yuanzhi Zhang,Xuegang Dong

doi:10.3390/rs14051213

Abstract

Monitoring the surface deformation is of great significance, in order to explore the activity and geophysical features of the underground deep pressure source in the volcanic regions. In this study, the time series surface deformation of the Changbaishan volcano is retrieved via Sentinel-1B SAR data, using the SBAS-InSAR method. The main results are as follows. (1) The mean surface deformation velocity in the Changbaishan volcano is uplifted as a whole, while the uplift is locally distributed, which shows a strong correlation with faults. (2) The time series surface deformation of the Changbaishan volcano indicates an apparently seasonal change. (3) The cumulative surface deformation shows a strong correlation with the maximal magnitude and number of annual earthquakes, and it is likely dominated by the maximal magnitude of the annual earthquakes. (4) The single Mogi source model is appropriate to evaluate the deep pressure source in the Changbaishan volcano, constrained by the calculated surface deformation. The optimal estimated depth of the magma chamber is about 6.2 km, and the volume is increased by about 3.2 × 106 m3. According to the time series surface deformation, it is concluded that the tectonic activity and faults, related to the deep pressure source, are pretty active in the Changbaishan volcano.

Highlights

The Changbaishan Tianchi volcano (Changbaishan volcano) is located on the border between China and North Korea, the only large-scale Cenozoic multi-genetic central composite stratovolcano
The magmatic activity and physical properties of the magma chamber beneath the Changbaishan volcano are mainly studied with geophysical methods, including seismic, gravity, and geomagnetic exploration
The Bouguer gravity anomalies imply that there occurs a local mass loss, with low values centered at the Changbaishan volcano, indicating the existence of a magma chamber in the deep crust [8]

Summary

Introduction

The Changbaishan Tianchi volcano (Changbaishan volcano) is located on the border between China and North Korea, the only large-scale Cenozoic multi-genetic central composite stratovolcano It has experienced many violent eruptions in history, and the eruption in 946 AD is considered one of the largest volcanic eruptions in the past two thousand years, which is still thought as the most potentially hazardous active volcano in China [1–5]. The magmatic activity and physical properties of the magma chamber beneath the Changbaishan volcano are mainly studied with geophysical methods, including seismic, gravity, and geomagnetic exploration. The Bouguer gravity anomalies imply that there occurs a local mass loss, with low values centered at the Changbaishan volcano, indicating the existence of a magma chamber in the deep crust [8]. It is necessary to enhance the observation of the magmatic activity in the Changbaishan volcano

Results

Discussion

Conclusion