Time Series Analysis of Changes in Land Cover Based on Spectral Indexes in Dohuk Governorate

Abstract

The main aim in this study is to detect and analyze changes in land cover in Amadiya district in Dohuk Governorate, northern Iraq whose area is (2775.21) km2 and the district is located astronomically between longitudes (01."04 ° 43), (17."08 ° 44) to the east, The district extends between two circles of latitude, which are (16.'50 ° 36) and (30.'21 ° 37) To the north, during the period between 1999-2019 using spectral indicators, to assess the appropriateness of the spectral indicators used in determining and monitoring changes in land cover and vegetation cover. Where the values of six spectral indices were extracted from the Landsat ETM and 8 Landsat OLI satellites data, which are NDVI, NDBI, SAVI, BI, NDWI, and IPVI satellites. The study concluded the percentage of vegetation cover index represented by the two indicators NDVI, SAVI, and IPVI was increased, at the expense of the rest of the indicators used in the study, as it represented 40.483636, 40.483733 and 40.483733%, respectively, in 2019, while the percentage of 21.258759, 21.193281 and 21.176142%, respectively, in 1999 year. This indicates that the plant indicators are the best used indicators that benefit the study area. The indicators are SAVI, NDVI, IPVI, which show that the increase in the plant was ranked first in the northwestern part of the region, followed by the second rank, the northeastern part, and the southwestern part was ranked second. The third, while the southeastern part ranked fourth, which has the lowest percentage of plants in it, because this part of the region has been greatly exploited by the urban class.