Abstract
BackgroundTime-restricted feeding regimen (TRF), that is, no food consumption for 14–16 h during the light phase per day, attenuates the fattening traits and metabolic disorders in adults. This study aims to further investigate whether TRF would be protective against similar nutritional challenges in juvenile mice.MethodsMice in the experimental group were treated with TRF during the first 4 weeks (considered to be the childhood phase of mice) before switching to ad libitum (AD) feeding pattern as adults; the control group with all subjects sticks to AD mode. Body weight was monitored, and serum biochemistry, sexual maturity, immune function, and gut microbiota were assessed at a certain timing.ResultsMice treated with TRF during the childhood period (from weaning age) but went through AD feeding pattern as adults demonstrated the tendency of higher body weight, higher levels of serum glucose, shrunken Langerhans islets, fatty liver disease, thickening of aortic walls, delayed sexual development, increased proportion of T regulatory cells, and unhealthy gut microbiota.ConclusionChildhood TRF causes pleiotropic adverse effects, including severe irreversible metabolic disorders, depressed immune function, and retarded puberty. Microbiota set the stage for TRF to employ downstream reactions on the above changes.
Highlights
The worldwide prevalence of metabolic syndrome has significantly increased in recent decades, causing great threat to both adult and pediatric populations
The TA group had a higher insulin concentration compared with the AA group (12.494 ± 0.27 vs. 10.420 ± 0.38 mU/L, p < 0.05), which was attributed to the feeding pattern TA mice were resigned: blood was collected right after their restricted feeding period
The sizes of Langerhans islets were small in TA mice (Fig. 1d), which might explain the lower level of insulin in this group
Summary
The worldwide prevalence of metabolic syndrome has significantly increased in recent decades, causing great threat to both adult and pediatric populations. Bariatric surgeries, and dietary regimens including caloric restriction, intermittent energy restriction, and time-restricted feeding (TRF) are effective interventions for obesity and metabolic syndrome in adults.[3] fasting can reduce obesity and obesity-related diseases but can provide benefit to the neurological system and lifespan.[4,5]. RESULTS: Mice treated with TRF during the childhood period (from weaning age) but went through AD feeding pattern as adults demonstrated the tendency of higher body weight, higher levels of serum glucose, shrunken Langerhans islets, fatty liver disease, thickening of aortic walls, delayed sexual development, increased proportion of T regulatory cells, and unhealthy gut microbiota. CONCLUSION: Childhood TRF causes pleiotropic adverse effects, including severe irreversible metabolic disorders, depressed immune function, and retarded puberty. Microbiota set the stage for TRF to employ downstream reactions on the above changes
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