Time-Restricted Eating for 12 Weeks Does Not Adversely Alter Bone Turnover in Overweight Adults.

Andrea J Lobene,Emily N C Manoogian,Douglas G Mashek,Satchidananda Panda,Lisa S Chow,Kathleen M Hill Gallant

doi:10.3390/nu13041155

Abstract

Weight loss is a major focus of research and public health efforts. Time-restricted eating (TRE) is shown to be effective for weight loss, but the impact on bone is unclear. Short-term TRE studies show no effect on bone mineral density (BMD), but no study has measured bone turnover markers. This secondary analysis examined the effect of 12 weeks of TRE vs. unrestricted eating on bone turnover and BMD. Overweight and obese adults aged 18–65 y (n = 20) were randomized to TRE (ad libitum 8-h eating window) or non-TRE. Serum N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP), cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were taken pre- and post-intervention. In both groups, P1NP decreased significantly (p = 0.04) but trended to a greater decrease in the non-TRE group (p = 0.07). The treatment time interaction for bone mineral content (BMC) was significant (p = 0.02), such that BMC increased in the TRE group and decreased in the non-TRE group. Change in P1NP was inversely correlated with change in weight (p = 0.04) overall, but not within each group. These findings suggest that TRE does not adversely affect bone over a moderate timeframe. Further research should examine the long-term effects of TRE on bone.

Highlights

IntroductionAn often underappreciated effect of obesity is an increased risk for skeletal fracture [3,4]
We observed a slight attenuation in the decrease in the bone formation marker P1NP with Time-restricted eating (TRE) compared to the larger decrease in P1NP in the non-TRE group, which could indicate a protective effect of TRE; this treatment-by-time interaction did not reach statistical significance
Regardless of treatment, change in P1NP was negatively correlated with change in weight and change in body mass index (BMI)

Summary

Introduction

An often underappreciated effect of obesity is an increased risk for skeletal fracture [3,4]. The majority of fractures occur in individuals who are overweight (body mass index (BMI) of 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 ) or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 ) [5]. Having a higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with greater bone mineral density (BMD) [6,7,8], which, in part, can be attributed to increased mechanical loading [9]. Evidence shows that obesity is associated with inferior bone quality [10] and poorer bone strength relative to body weight [11], as well as reduced physical function and increased incidence of falls [12]. Despite having greater bone mass, obesity is an important risk factor that leaves individuals vulnerable to fracture

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