Abstract
Time-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to probe the nonsteady-state evolution of the valence band electronic structure of laser heated ultrathin (50nm) copper. A metastable phase is studied using a 527nm wavelength 400fs laser pulse containing 0.1–2.5mJ laser energy focused in a large 500×700μm2 spot to create heated conditions of 0.07–1.8×1012Wcm−2 intensity. Valence band photoemission spectra are presented showing the changing occupancy of the Cu 3d level with heating are presented. These picosecond x-ray laser induced time-resolved photoemission spectra of laser-heated ultrathin Cu foil show dynamic changes in the electronic structure. The ultrafast nature of this technique lends itself to true single-state measurements of shocked and heated materials.
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