Time Organization and the Integration of EU Migrant Professionals

Abstract

This paper explores issues of time in relation to female EU migrants' integration into EU work environments. The data is based on in-depth interviews undertaken with migrants in the nursing and banking professions in Britain, Germany and Spain from 1993 to 1994, and is complemented by interviews and group discussions with native workers, representatives of employers and regulatory bodies. Differences in migrants' experiences are explained by reference to national distinctions between the two professions and the three countries. Comparative analysis suggests that the barriers encountered by migrant women can be largely explained by differences in systems of work organization and practices which shaped expectations and attitudes of workers and employers. Findings imply that genuine free movement of labour between member states requires measures which go beyond the mutual recognition of qualifications and skills.