Time gel and origin of matter

Abstract

Standard model and/or QCD broadly envisage operation of a symmetry breaking in creation of mass [1]. Likewise, any phase transition brought about by a critical transition refer to operation of a symmetry breaking [2,3]. Such aspects of symmetry breaking directly follows from Noether's theorem and further implies that in principle, non-equlibrium self-assembly could emulate under correct electrochemical conditions creation of ‘matter’. In this work, we test this earlier conjecture of ours and show with experimental evidence how space-time symmetry breaking emulated by electrochemical realization of a ‘Time-Gel’ in the lab brought about by a critical phenomenon can be explored to demonstrate, at least in principle, origin of matter. The ‘Time-Gel’ is realized by electrochemical induction of a critical phenomenon of ‘gelation’ of discrete molecular precursors, where upon with temporally controlled charge injection/abstraction Q (as an indicator of temporal information) we evidence direct creation of ‘Time-Gel's (a polymer-colloid mixture) ‘mass’ (volume fraction, Φg) from a mass ‘null’ state. ‘Time-Gel's volume fraction (Φg) acts as a descriptor of spatio-temporal information. We observe further the descriptor of temporal information (Q) varies with volume fraction of gel formed (Φg) manifest as spatio-temporal fluctuation with a relation Q∝ Φgn. The order of n, is 5, and is obtained experimentally. Such an exponent in the power law, implies divergence in creation of matter. The above observation implicit in our finding is consistent to existing knowledge of divergent creation of matter as a direct consequence of breaking of symmetry under conditions following directly from Noether's theorem. In short, the present proposition prompted by experimental findings centers around the idea of symmetry breaking, where an experimental realization of a ‘time-gel’ model shows how space-time and charge might have led to the formation of matter under conditions away from equilibrium. ‘Time-Gel’ may thus act as an alternative model based on Chemical Science to explain and envisage the emergence of matter as a direct consequence of Noether's theorem.