Time for a third-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

Abstract

In The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Naim Ouldali and colleagues 1 Ouldali N Varon E Levy C et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in children and adults in France during the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era: an interrupted time-series analysis of data from a 17-year national prospective surveillance study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020; (published online July 20.)https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30165-1 Summary Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (16) Google Scholar describe the effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in France over a 17-year period using a population-based surveillance system. Their key finding is that despite an overall reduction in invasive pneumococcal disease incidence, with more than 44 000 cases averted, there was a significant increase in disease due to non-vaccine serotypes during 2015–17 in both children and adults. 1 Ouldali N Varon E Levy C et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in children and adults in France during the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era: an interrupted time-series analysis of data from a 17-year national prospective surveillance study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020; (published online July 20.)https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30165-1 Summary Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (16) Google Scholar These data, together with similar data from the UK, Germany, and Sweden, 2 Ladhani SN Collins S Djennad A et al. Rapid increase in non-vaccine serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in England and Wales, 2000–17: a prospective national observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018; 18: 441-451 Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (239) Google Scholar , 3 van der Linden M Imöhl M Perniciaro S Limited indirect effects of an infant pneumococcal vaccination program in an aging population. PLoS ONE. 2019; 14e0220453 Crossref PubMed Scopus (26) Google Scholar , 4 Galanis I Lindstrand A Darenberg J et al. Effects of PCV7 and PCV13 on invasive pneumococcal disease and carriage in Stockholm, Sweden. Eur Respir J. 2016; 47: 1208-1218 Crossref PubMed Scopus (98) Google Scholar are in contrast with a stable incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease caused by non-vaccine serotypes in the USA 5 Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTrends by serotype group 1998–2016. https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/reports-findings/survreports/spneu-types.htmlDate accessed: May 20, 2019 Google Scholar but in aggregate suggest that efforts to reduce invasive pneumococcal disease continue to be compromised by serotype replacement. Invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in children and adults in France during the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era: an interrupted time-series analysis of data from a 17-year national prospective surveillance studyPCV13 implementation led to a major reduction in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease. However, a rebound in cases among children and adults since 2015, driven by several emerging non-PCV13 serotypes, jeopardises the long-term PCV benefits. These findings, if confirmed in the coming years, should be considered in the development of next-generation PCVs and might guide policy makers in the selection of future pneumococcal vaccines. Full-Text PDF