Abstract
A simple and time efficient model for atmospheric arc plasmas is presented in this work. It uses experimentally recorded emission spectra in order to estimate radial temperature and electron density profiles in welding arc plasmas. The plasma parameters are calculated using the Elenbaas–Heller and Saha equations, together with welding current, gas composition and simplified cylindrical arc geometry with a particular radius as input parameters. From these parameters an emission spectrum is calculated under the assumption, that the individual lines are mainly broadened due to the Stark effect. Here only second order perturbation theory for the Stark effect without any further influences of ion collision or other additional effects is considered. The comparison of measured and calculated spectra leads to a cost function. Its minimisation is used to find the radius of the arc model. This model was successfully applied for the estimation of plasma parameters in gas tungsten arc welding processes with argon and argon–helium as shielding gases. The calculated gas temperature and electron density profiles were compared with experimental data obtained by Thomson scattering. Further extension of the model for dynamic processes containing metal vapours and its application in feedback control are planned in the future.
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