Abstract
We investigate time-domain optics for atomic quantum matter. Within a matter-wave analog of the thin-lens formalism, we study optical lenses of different shapes and refractive powers to precisely control the dispersion of Bose–Einstein condensates. Anharmonicities of the lensing potential are incorporated in the formalism with a decomposition of the center-of-mass motion and expansion of the atoms, allowing to probe the lensing potential with micrometer resolution. By arranging two lenses in time formed by the potentials of an optical dipole trap and an atom-chip trap, we realize a magneto-optical matter-wave telescope. We employ this hybrid telescope to manipulate the expansion and aspect ratio of the ensembles. The experimental results are compared to numerical simulations that involve Gaussian shaped potentials to accommodate lens shapes beyond the harmonic approximation.
Highlights
Various concepts of photonics can be applied to atomic matter waves by exploiting the dissipative and the dispersive interactions of atoms with external fields [1, 2]
Within a matter-wave analog of the thin-lens formalism, we study optical lenses of different shapes and refractive powers to precisely control the dispersion of Bose–Einstein condensates
We utilize a single beam optical dipole trap (ODT) to form various types of matter-wave lenses applied to Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs)
Summary
Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Simon Kanthak1,2,∗ , Martina Gebbe3 , Matthias Gersemann4 , Sven Abend4 , Ernst M Rasel4 and Markus Krutzik1,2 Keywords: Bose–Einstein condensates, ultra-cold atoms, matter-wave lensing, time-domain optics, optical dipole traps, atom-chip traps, matter-wave telescope Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
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