Abstract
Electromagnetic modelling of ground penetrating radar applications to the survey of buried targets is a fundamental step in the interpretation of measured data from experimental campaigns. When pulsed source fields are employed, such a modelling is commonly performed through time-domain numerical techniques. The cylindrical wave approach is proposed here to solve the scattering of a pulsed field by circular cross-section cylinders buried in a semi-infinite medium. The field radiated field by a transmitting antenna is modelled using a line-current source. Theoretical solution is developed on a semi-analytical basis, through a spectral approach. Time and space spectra are employed to derive the scattered fields, and the final space–time dependence is found through an inverse Fourier Transform. The proposed approach allows an accurate modelling of a wide class of ground penetrating radar problems that are commonly simulated through two-dimensional layouts.
Highlights
Microwave remote sensing of buried objects with the ground penetrating radar (GPR) has important applications in several fields, such as civil engineering, geophysical analysis of the subsoil, archeology [1,2,3]
Whereas the field scattered by metallic targets can be quite isolated, the detection of many typical targets of GPR analysis, such as buried plastic pipes or subterranean cavities, is hard due to the low permittivity contrast with the hosting medium
In Reference [29] a 3D electromagnetic simulation software designed for GPR applications, namely, gprMax, is proposed
Summary
Microwave remote sensing of buried objects with the ground penetrating radar (GPR) has important applications in several fields, such as civil engineering (e.g., for the detection of pipes and utilities), geophysical analysis of the subsoil (through the inspection of roads and buildings), archeology [1,2,3]. In Reference [29] a 3D electromagnetic simulation software designed for GPR applications, namely, gprMax, is proposed Reconstruction algorithms, such as fitting techniques applied to the hyperbola displayed in the B-scan radagrams to determine size and depth of the target, can be validated on synthetic data returned by numerical modelling [5]. The time-domain cylindrical wave approach (CWA) is presented as a full-wave method to model GPR applications for the scattering by buried cylindrical targets with pulsed source fields. In Reference [46], the CWA is rigorously developed as a time-domain technique, solving the scattering problem of a pulsed plane-wave excitation field by perfectly conducting cylindrical targets buried in a semi-infinite half-space.
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