Time-dependent collapse potential of unsaturated collapsible gypseous soils

Abstract

PurposeThis study aims to predict the volume changes and collapse potential (CP) associated with the changes in soil suction by using the pressure cell and the effect of initial load on soil suction. Three types of gypseous soils have been experimented in this study, sandy gypseous soil from different parts of Iraq. A series of collapse tests were carried out using the oedometer device [single oedometer test (SOT) and double oedometer test (DOT)]. In addition, large-scale model with soil dimensions 700 × 700 × 600 mm was used to show the effect of water content changes in different relations (collapse with time, stress with time, suction with time, etc.).Design/methodology/approachA series of collapse tests were carried out using the oedometer device (SOT and DOT). In addition, a large-scale model with soil dimensions 700 × 700 × 600 mm was used to show the effect of water content changes in different relations (collapse with time, stress with time, suction with time, etc.).FindingsThe CP increases with the increasing of the void ratio for each soil. For each soil, the CP decreased when the initial degree of saturation increased. Kerbala soil with gypsum content (30%) revealed collapse value higher than Tikrit soil with gypsum content (55%) under the same initial conditions of water content and density, this is because the higher the Cu value of Kerbala soil is, the more well-graded the soil will be. Upon wetting, the smaller particles or fractions of the well-graded soil tend to fill in the existing voids, resulting in a lower void ratio as compared to the poorly graded one. Consequently, soils with high Cu value tend to collapse more than poorly graded ones. The compressibility of the soil is low when loaded under unsaturated condition, the CP for samples tested in the DOTs under stress level 800 kPa are greater than those obtained from collapse test at a stress level of 200 kPa.Originality/valueThe initial value of suction for all soils increases with initial water content decreases.