Abstract

to read, and which are therefore particularly useful in screening tests for dyslexia, such as the Dyslexia Early Screening Test. This is precisely the pattern which is identified in the family study by Viholainen et al. The incidence of balance deficits in children with family risk for dyslexia is significantly higher than controls, but reading deficits are more highly significant in this group. This study provides further confirmation of the importance of family studies in our understanding of dyslexia. More recent research has suggested that it may be fruitful to subsume the cerebellar deficit hypothesis within a ‘neural systems’ framework that attempts to capture disorders of learning at the level of the systems that work together, rather than the specific brain structures. This framework suggests that for dyslexia the neural system involved is the languagespecific procedural learning system. The framework provides a natural explanation for the comorbidities found in dyslexia and it may have the potential to reunite the developmental disabilities.

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