Abstract
Background and Purpose Low-dose radiotherapy (LD-RT) has a potent anti-inflammatory effect, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β 1 is a potential mediator of this effect. The objectives of this study were to characterize the in vivo effects of LD-RT on leukocyte recruitment over time, and its relationship with TGF-β 1 production. Materials and methods Mice were submitted to abdominal irradiation with a dose of 0.3 Gy, or to sham radiation and studied 5, 24, 48 or 72 h after irradiation. Four hours before the study a proinflammatory stimulus consisting of LPS or placebo was administered. Leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions in intestinal venules were assessed using intravital microscopy. Circulating levels and intestinal tissue production of TGF-β 1 were determined. Results Compared to non-irradiated LPS-challenged group, the number of adherent leukocytes was significantly reduced 5, 24 and 48 h, but not 72 h after irradiation in LPS-challenged mice. Rolling leukocytes were significantly decreased at all time points analyzed. Plasma TGF-β 1 levels were increased 5 and 24 h after irradiation. Increased intestinal production during this period was corroborated by in vitro culture experiments. Conclusions LD-RT has a sustained inhibitory effect on leukocyte recruitment for 48 h, which is initially associated with an increase in TGF-β 1 intestinal production.
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