Abstract

We propose and investigate a new type of photonic crystal (PhC) cavity for integrated quantum photonics, which provides tailored optical modes with both confined and extended spatial components. The structures consist of elongated PhC cavities in which the effective index of refraction is varied quasi-linearly along their axis, implemented by systematic lateral shifts of the PhC holes. The confined modes have approximately Airy-function envelopes, exhibiting single peaks and extended tails, which is useful for optimizing single photon extraction and transmission in integrated quantum photonic devices. The measured spectrally resolved near-field patterns of such devices show the expected spatial and resonance wavelength behavior, in agreement with numerical simulations of the Airy-Bloch modes. The effects of fabrication-induced disorder on the mode features are also analyzed and discussed. Selective excitation of specific Airy-Bloch modes using integrated, site-controlled quantum dots as localized light sources is demonstrated. Based on the tilted-potential cavity, multiple-QD single photon emitters exploiting wavelength division multiplexing are proposed.

Highlights

  • Tailoring the features of photonic confinement in nanostructures provides means for adjusting the spectral and local density of states of electromagnetic modes

  • The resulting Airy-Bloch modes are highly localized at prescribed locations along the cavity, but exhibit extended tails across its entire length, which makes them suitable for single photon extraction and transport when used with properly positioned quantum dots (QDs)

  • Selective excitation of specific Airy-Bloch modes using site-controlled pyramidal QDs is demonstrated as a first step towards making efficient single photon injectors for integrated quantum photonics

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Summary

Introduction

Tailoring the features of photonic confinement in nanostructures provides means for adjusting the spectral and local density of states of electromagnetic modes. An optimal design of a single photon source on-chip involves the optimization of the spatially localized and extended aspects of the photonic modes employed. One approach towards this goal has been the integration of coupled cavity-waveguide structures implemented in a photonic crystal (PhC) membrane system [10,11]. The resulting Airy-Bloch modes are highly localized at prescribed locations along the cavity, but exhibit extended tails across its entire length, which makes them suitable for single photon extraction and transport when used with properly positioned QDs. The effect of fabrication-induced disorder on the mode structure is discussed. Selective excitation of specific Airy-Bloch modes using site-controlled pyramidal QDs is demonstrated as a first step towards making efficient single photon injectors for integrated quantum photonics

Concept
Fabrication
Characteristics of Airy-Bloch modes
Selective Airy-Bloch mode excitation
Conclusion
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