Abstract
Background & AimsTiliacora triandra (Colebr.) Diels (TT) is a native plant of Southeast Asia widely used in northeastern Thai cuisines, and is known in Thai language as Yanang. High concentration of polyphenolic compounds found in TT aqueous extract (TTE) include epicatechin (EC), quercetin (QC), cyanidine (CD), and gallic acid (GA), respectively. TTE has shown various beneficial pharmacological effects such as anti‐inflammatory, anti‐cancer, anti‐aging, anti‐oxidant, anti‐hypercholesterolemia, and inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption. However, the effects of TTE on cholesterol synthesis and hepatic steatosis are limited. This study aimed to investigate the direct effects of TTE on cholesterol synthesis and hepatic lipid accumulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells.MethodsHepG2 cells at the cell density of 5×105 cells/well were treated with TTE, EC, and QC in a molar ratio for 24 hr. The cytotoxic effect of TTE was evaluated using MTT assay. Hepatic lipid accumulation was quantified by Nile red staining and detected by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis, HMGR, and the fatty acid transporter, FAT/CD36, was also evaluated using quantitative real‐time PCR.ResultsTTE significantly reduced hepatic lipid accumulation up to the dose of 100 μg/ml similarly to that of EC and QC without any cytotoxic effect. This effect also corresponded to the reduction in HMGR and FAT/CD36 gene expressions, resulting in a significant decreased in de novo hepatic cholesterol synthesis and free fatty acid accumulation.ConclusionThese findings suggest that TTE exhibits lipid‐lowering action by decreasing both hepatic cholesterol synthesis and lipid accumulation, leading to improved non‐alcoholic fatty liver. Thus, TTE could potentially be developed as nutraceutical product for prevention of progressive liver diseases in obesity, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome.Support or Funding InformationThis study is supported by the Faculty of Medicine Endowment fund (093/2560), Chiang Mai University, Research and Researcher for Industry (RRI) by Thailand Research Fund (TRF), (PHDI0009 to CS) and the NSTDA Chair Professor grant (the Fourth Grant) of the Crown Property Bureau Foundation and the National Science and Technology Development Agency to Professor Dr. Vatcharin Rukachaisirikul.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
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