Abstract
In order to investigate the characteristics of tidal breathing pulmonary function in children with allergic rhinitis, and explore its role in the relationship between allergic rhinitis and asthma, we conducted this prospective study from January 4, 2016 to January 30, 2019 in Wuhan children’s hospital. In this study, 49 children with simple allergic rhinitis were enrolled in the AR group; 50 children with allergic rhinitis concomitant with asthma were enrolled in the AR&A group; 43 healthy children were recruited in the control group. For individuals in each group, the assessment of tidal breath pulmonary function was performed after enrollment. Then participants in the AR group and control group were followed up for 1 year to observe their frequency of wheezing attacks. The parameters of tI/tE, tPTEF/tE, and VPTEF/VE of AR group were significantly higher than AR&A group (P < 0.001). The reduced proportion of tPTEF/tE and VPTEF/VE. in AR group were higher than that in control group (30.61% vs. 11.63%, P < 0.001; 24.49% vs. 11.63%, P < 0.001, respectively). The proportion of patients with reduced tPTEF/tE and VPTEF/VE who occurred recurrent wheezing was higher than that of patients with normal pulmonary function in AR group(P = 0.008). In conclusion, some children with allergic rhinitis has impaired tidal breathing pulmonary function. Tidal breathing pulmonary function test plays an important role in the diagnosis and assessment of children’s airway allergic diseases (AR and asthma).
Highlights
Allergic diseases are one of the most common diseases in children, which often involve multiple organs such as respiratory system, skin and digestive system
The level of tI/tE, to peak tidal expiratory flow (tPTEF)/tE and volume expired before PTEF attained (VPTEF)/VE of allergic rhinitis (AR) group were significantly higher than AR&A group (P < 0.001), and there was no statistical difference in the level of tI/tE, tPTEF/tE, and VPTEF/VE between AR group and control group (P = 0.377, P = 0.167 and P = 0.241, respectively)
Continuous data are shown as mean ± SD and categorical variables as number (%)
Summary
Allergic diseases are one of the most common diseases in children, which often involve multiple organs such as respiratory system, skin and digestive system. The incidence of allergic diseases has increased gradually year by year, especially in children [1–3]. The main manifestations of allergic rhinitis (AR) are rhinorrhea, nasal itching, nasal congestion and sneezing, and the symptoms can last for more than 1 h every day, seriously affecting children’s quality of life [4]. Many studies show that AR is a risk factor for the development and poor control of asthma [7], and it impairs pulmonary function in early life. The pulmonary function of children with single AR was impaired in varying degrees, especially the decrease of FEF 25% – FEF 75% predicted value, which affected airway hyperresponsiveness [8, 9]. Children under 5 years old could not complete the forced expiratory pulmonary
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