Abstract
Tianma Gouteng Yin (TGY) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction widely used to treat symptoms associated with typical Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study, the neuroprotective effects of water extract of TGY were tested on rotenone-intoxicated and human α-synuclein transgenic Drosophila PD models. In addition, the neuroprotective effect of TGY was also evaluated in the human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line treated with rotenone and the rotenone intoxicated hemi-parkinsonian rats. In rotenone-induced PD models, TGY improved survival rate, alleviated impaired locomotor function of Drosophila, mitigated the loss of dopaminergic neurons in hemi-parkinsonian rats and alleviated apoptotic cell death in SH-SY5Y cells; in α-synuclein transgenic Drosophila, TGY reduced the level of α-synuclein and prevented degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Conclusively, TGY is neuroprotective in PD models both in vivo and in vitro.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common age-dependent, late-onset neurodegenerative disease in humans[1,2]
In order to keep the consistent quality of Tianma Gouteng Yin (TGY) as it is used in clinical practice, TGY was extracted by water and prepared scrupulously
Quality analysis of TGY was performed with a method we developed using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with quadrupole-tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS)
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common age-dependent, late-onset neurodegenerative disease in humans[1,2]. The neuropathological characteristic of patients with SNCA mutations is widespread α -synuclein deposits in neurons and glial cells[5]. Both environmental neurotoxin-intoxicated and transgenic PD models have been developed[6]. Among these models, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as a frequently used model organism for studying PD-related neurodegeneration. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as a frequently used model organism for studying PD-related neurodegeneration Both environmental neurotoxin models and transgenic models have been successfully established in Drosophila to replicate key pathological features of PD7,8. The underlying neuroprotective mechanism was analyzed in vitro using rotenone-intoxicated SH-SY5Y cells
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