Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis Induced by Dexamethasone

Abstract

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a disease characterized by sudden onset and muscle paralysis. It occurs in the setting of hypo kalemia of thyrotoxicosis. Cases of TPP induced by a glucocorticoid such as prednisolone or methylprednisolone have been reported. We report on two patients, each of whom received a dexamethasone injection and subsequently developed TPP. Both patients experienced sudden, flaccid paralysis of both extremities after the injection but recovered completely after receiving a potas sium replacement. Laboratory results revealed thyrotoxicosis. The patients were diagnosed with Graves’ disease and discharged af ter receiving treatment with methimazole and propranolol. This report provides the clinical description of TPP induced by dexa methasone injection. These cases suggest that clinicians must consider the presence of hyperthyroid disease in patients who de velop acute paralysis after treatment with a glucocorticoid, even in the absence thyrotoxic symptoms. Furthermore, physicians should be aware that TPP can occur even in response to dexamethasone used for treatment of thyrotoxic crisis or Graves’ ophthalmopathy. (Endocrinol Metab 27:299-302, 2012)