Thyroid Hormone Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Abstract

Introduction
 Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the important health problems affecting the major populations worldwide. Diabetes mellitus, endocrine disorder which involves multiple organ systems and leads to significant morbidity and mortality due to accompanying complications. Thyroid diseases and diabetes mellitus are common endocrine disorders. The present study is carried out for the assessment of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients by measurement of serum T3, serum T4 and serum TSH levels.
 Materials & Method
 This study was conducted in Department of Physiology in association with Department of Endocrinology, JNU Institute for Medical Sciences & Research Center, Jaipur. A total of 100 subjected were enrolled into the study. They were divided into 2 groups, 50 age and sex matched healthy subjects were taken as group I (controls) (HbA1c: 5.5 to 6.5%) and 50 type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects were taken as group II (HbA1c: >7.5%). Age of the study subjects was 35 to 65 years. Under aseptic conditions, 5 mL random venous blood sample is collected from all subjects in vacutainers, 2 mL in plain tube and 3 mL in EDTA tube. Serum sample was used for the estimation of random sugar (GOD-POD method) by using ERBA chemistry analyzer, thyroid profile by ELISA method, using mini VIDAS and EDTA sample is used for estimation of HbA1c by using BIORAD-D10. Data were expressed as mean ±SD. P value <0.05 is considered as statistically significant.
 Results
 Random blood sugar and HbA1c levels were significantly increased in T2DM (group II) subjects compared with controls (group I). T3 levels were significantly decreased and TSH levels were significantly increased in T2DM subjects compared to controls. HbA1c is positively correlated with TSH.
 Conclusion
 In this present study, we have observed that the abnormal thyroid hormone levelsamong type 2 diabetics. Therefore there is a need for the routine assay ofthyroid hormones in type 2 diabetes mellitus inorder to improve the quality of life and reduce the morbidity.