Abstract
The prevalence of overweight (defined as a body mass index [BMI] >85th but <95th percentile) and obesity (BMI >95th percentile) has increased at an alarming rate in children and adolescents during the past 3 or 4 decades, particularly in certain ethnic groups ( 1 August GP Caprio S Fennoy I Endocrine Society et al. Prevention and treatment of pediatric obesity: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline based on expert opinion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 93: 4576-4599 Crossref PubMed Scopus (341) Google Scholar ). Because of the increased risk of obesity in adulthood in those who were overweight or obese as children and especially as adolescents, the frequent failure to lose weight with lifestyle measures alone, and the myriad of comorbidities that have been associated with obesity—type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, hypertension, and obstructive sleep apnea, to name a few ( 1 August GP Caprio S Fennoy I Endocrine Society et al. Prevention and treatment of pediatric obesity: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline based on expert opinion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 93: 4576-4599 Crossref PubMed Scopus (341) Google Scholar )—both physicians and patients alike are tempted to look for a “quick fix.”
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