Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a syndrome of ovarian dysfunction along with the cardinal features of hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary morphology. The prevalence of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound is around quarter of all women but is not associated with the full syndrome. The study aimed to assess the status of thyroid disorders in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods: This prospective hospital-based case-control study involved most outpatients aged 13–45 years who visited the Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Infertility clinic at Baghdad Teaching Hospital with complaints of hirsutism and/or oligomenorrhea or infertility. This study included 70 patients, including 50 with PCOS (PCOS group) and 20 without (control group). Results: The PCOS group exhibited significantly higher mean thyroid stimulating hormone level (3.9 vs. 3.1 µIU/L), luteinizing hormone level (15.2 vs. 4.7 mIU/mL), and body mass index (28.6 vs. 24.9 kg/m2; all, p<0.001) and a non-significantly higher follicle-stimulating hormone level (9.2 vs. 5.2 mIU/L) than the control group. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a higher prevalence of thyroid disorder among women with PCOS.
Highlights
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition of ovarian dysfunction characterized by hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries
polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a state of insulin resistance, which is considered to be the main factor contributing to development of the syndrome; diagnosis is based on the presence of two out of three of the following: clinical and/or biochemical androgen excess, anovulation and polycystic ovaries on pelvic ultrasound[2]
The proportion of patients with elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels was significantly greater in the PCOS group than in the control group (52% vs. 10%)
Summary
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition of ovarian dysfunction characterized by hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries. PCOS is a state of insulin resistance, which is considered to be the main factor contributing to development of the syndrome; diagnosis is based on the presence of two out of three of the following: clinical and/or biochemical androgen excess, anovulation and polycystic ovaries on pelvic ultrasound[2]. The mechanisms behind these include hyperinsulinemia, disruption of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, dysregulation of ovarian steroidogenesis, as well as genetic and environmental factors[2,3]. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a higher prevalence of thyroid disorder among women with PCOS
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