Abstract
Thyroid gland dysfunction is estimated to occur in approximately 5% of the population and affects people of different ages. Cardiovascular diseases can occur in diseases such as hyperthyroidism as well as hypothyroidism. Increased thyroid hormone levels precipitate sympathetic nervous system activation, potentially culminating in heightened heart rate (tachycardia) and disruptions in electrical conduction. This influence can induce QT interval shortening and provoke premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), amplifying the propensity for more severe arrhythmic manifestations. Insufficiency of thyroid hormones decelerates metabolic activity, potentially leading to bradycardia. Hypothyroidism elevates the risk of atrial fibrillation occurrence and additionally elongates QT intervals, enhancing the susceptibility to torsade de pointes. Untreated hormone disorders affect severe cardiac complications, which can occur in patients with previously diagnosed heart disease. Effective management of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with thyroid dysfunction necessitates interdisciplinary collaboration between endocrinologists and cardiologists.
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