Abstract
Thyroid cancer stem cells are capable of sustaining neoplastic growth. Because they are often resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, they present a major obstacle to effective thyroid cancer treatment. This review discusses the recent discovery of cancer stem cells in many subtypes of thyroid cancer, including papillary, follicular, medullary and anaplastic. It emphasizes potential new therapeutic strategies targeting multi-drug resistance, DNA repair and oncogenic signaling pathways activated in the stem cells during cancer progression. These new, targeted therapies, if realized, may improve the efficacy of current therapeutic treatments against advanced thyroid cancer, prevent disease relapse and enhance patient survival.
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