Thyroid Cancer Epidemiology in South Spain: a population-based time trend study.

Abstract

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common malignant disease of the endocrine system. The aim of this study was to analyze incidence and mortality trends of TC (C73 according to ICD-O-3) in Granada (Southern Spain) during the period 1985-2013, by sex, age, and histological type. This is a population-based cross-sectional study. Incidence data were obtained from the population-based Cancer Registry of Granada. All newly diagnosed cases of thyroid cancer over the period 1985-2013 were included. Joinpoint regression analysis with age-standardized rates were used to estimate annual percentage change (APC), CI 95% and turning points in trends. Results are presented by sex, age group, and histological type. During the study period there were 1265 diagnosed cases of TC in Granada (72.6% in women). Incidence trends significantly increased in both men (APC: + 5.4%) and women (APC: + 4.7%). The most common histological types in both sexes were papillary (74.8%) and follicular (16.8%). The incidence has increased during the study period mainly due to papillary carcinoma, which has increased annually around 6% in both sexes. TC mortality trend during this period decreased in men (APC: -0.3%) and women (APC: -2.3%). Our data showed an increasing trend in incidence of thyroid cancer in Granada, especially in women between 55-64 years. Mortality showed a slight decrease trend during the study period in both sexes. Papillary carcinoma was the most common histological type, with an increase of the relative weight of papillary microcarcinomas. Our study is in accordance with the European and worldwide trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality and sex differences.