Abstract
Background & Objective:As an autoimmune disease, Type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) may be associated with other autoimmune disorders, the presence of thyroid antibodies could be negatively impact the diabetic control. Our objective was to investigate thyroid autoimmunity in a cohort of children and adolescents with Type-1 diabetes and the Influence of the presence of thyroid autoimmune abnormalities on the control of diabetes in group of Iraqi pediatric patients with Type-I D.M.Methods:This study was conducted at the Medical City Complex, Children Welfare Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. This study was carried out from the first of January 2016 till the end of September 2017. Data were analyzed from 150 patients with Type-1 diabetes, aged 1–18 years who were treated and are coming for regular follow up in the diabetic clinic. Thyroid functions tests, Antibodies to thyroglobulin (anti-TG) and thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO) were measured, documented and correlated with diabetic control according to glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level.Results:In the total of 150 patients, positive Antibodies to thyroglobulin (anti TG) were more in ≤3 years duration group of Diabetes mellitus(DM) and negative anti TG was less in the >3 years duration of DM group with statistically significant results (p=0.043), Regarding the distribution of thyroid antibodies (AB) according to HbA1c group, there was progressive positive anti thyroperoxidase (anti TPO) titer with glycemic status, good glycemic control had the lowest positive anti TPO titer and poor glycemic control group had the highest positive anti TPO titer and the result was statistically significant (p=0.048).Conclusions:Thyroid autoimmunity may be associated with poor diabetic control and elevated TSH levels, indicating subclinical hypothyroidism that my affect the diabetic control.
Highlights
Type-I diabetes mellitus is an auto immune disease.[1]. It can be associated with other auto immune disorders that may influence the control of diabetes by disruption the function of respective organs.[1]
Auto immune thyroid disease (AITD), is the most common auto immune disease associated with type I diabetes mellitus, The incidence is expected to be 2–4-folds higher than in general population[4], as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the most common clinical form (14–28%), the Graves’ disease my noticed less frequently (0.5–7%).[5]
The screening and diagnosis of AITD are based on the assessment of autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin
Summary
Type-I diabetes mellitus is an auto immune disease.[1]. It can be associated with other auto immune disorders that may influence the control of diabetes by disruption the function of respective organs.[1]The prevalence of positive thyroid antibodies in children with Type-1 diabetes varies considerably between 3 and 50% in different countries,[2] and the clinical significance of these antibodies remains controversial. Type-I diabetes mellitus is an auto immune disease.[1] It can be associated with other auto immune disorders that may influence the control of diabetes by disruption the function of respective organs.[1]. The screening and diagnosis of AITD are based on the assessment of autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and thyroglobulin (antiTG). The prevalence of these autoantibodies is dependent on gender, age of patient, and age at the onset of diabetes. Type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) may be associated with other autoimmune disorders, the presence of thyroid antibodies could be negatively impact the diabetic control. Conclusions: Thyroid autoimmunity may be associated with poor diabetic control and elevated TSH levels, indicating subclinical hypothyroidism that my affect the diabetic control
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