Abstract
BackgroundPsoriasis, a recurrent, chronic inflammatory disorder of skin, is a common problem in middle age and elderly people. Thymoquinone (TQ), a lipid soluble benzoquinone is the major active ingredient of volatile oil of Nigella sativa (NS), possesses good anti-psoriatic activity. However, its hydrophobicity, poor aqueous solubility, and photosensitive nature obstructs its development. Therefore, in the present research work, ethosomal vesicles (EVs) loaded with TQ were assessed for its anti-psoriatic potential employing mouse-tail model.MethodsTQ-loaded EVs were prepared by cold method, and characterized for various essential attributes, viz. particle size, morphology, percent drug entrapment, flexibility, rheological and textural analysis, and skin absorption. The optimized formulation was finally evaluated for anti-psoriatic activity on Swiss albino mice employing mouse-tail model for psoriasis.ResultsThe spherical shaped vesicles were in the nanosize range, and had high flexibility. The EVs incorporated hydrogel was rheologically acceptable and resulted in substantial TQ retention in the skin layers. The % anti-psoriatic drug activity was observed to be substantially better in the case of TQ-loaded ethosomal gel vis-à-vis plain TQ, NS extract, and marketed formulation.ConclusionsThe promising outcomes of the current studies ratify the superiority of TQ-loaded phospholipid-based vesicular systems for the management of psoriasis over other studied test formulations. This study, thus open promising avenues for topical application of TQ in the form of EV hydrogel.
Highlights
Psoriasis, a recurrent, chronic inflammatory disorder of skin, is a common problem in middle age and elderly people
The vesicle size of ethosomal vesicles (EVs) was found to be in the nanometer range of 253.7 nm to 531.3 nm, as depicted in Table 1.The vesicle size distribution of EV4 is shown in Fig. 2, indicating uniformity of size
Percent drug entrapment (PDE) was found to be in the range of 45–62% and percent drug loading (PDL) was found in the range of 30–41%
Summary
A recurrent, chronic inflammatory disorder of skin, is a common problem in middle age and elderly people. Thymoquinone (TQ), a lipid soluble benzoquinone is the major active ingredient of volatile oil of Nigella sativa (NS), possesses good anti-psoriatic activity. A skin disorder characterized by unraced cutaneous, demolition, agitated proliferation and poor isolation of epidermal keratinocytes. It is a recurrent, chronic inflammatory problem, and is associated with severe morbidity and social stigma making it an impending threat [1,2,3]. Nigella sativa (NS) which is an annual flowering plant, belonging to family Ranunculaceae, has been used for centuries for the treatment of many skin disorders including psoriasis. Topical administration of TQ, which is a lipid soluble benzoquinone, has attracted special attention, as it exerts the therapeutic action against several skin pathologies, viz. Despite of having promising benefits for skin therapeutics, complete clinical utilization of TQ has been limited owing to its
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