Abstract
Black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed extract has been shown to improve dermatological conditions, yet its beneficial effects for skin are not fully elucidated. Herein, Thymocid®, a chemically standardized black cumin seed extract, was investigated for its cosmeceutical potential including anti-aging properties associated with modulation of glycation, collagen cross-linking, and collagenase and elastase activities, as well as antimelanogenic effect in murine melanoma B16F10 cells. Thymocid® (50, 100, and 300 µg/mL) inhibited the formation of advanced glycation end-products (by 16.7–70.7%), collagen cross-linking (by 45.1–93.3%), collagenase activity (by 10.4–92.4%), and elastases activities (type I and III by 25.3–75.4% and 36.0–91.1%, respectively). In addition, Thymocid® (2.5–20 µg/mL) decreased melanin content in B16F10 cells by 42.5–61.6% and reduced cellular tyrosinase activity by 20.9% (at 20 µg/mL). Furthermore, Thymocid® (20 µg/mL for 72 h) markedly suppressed the mRNA expression levels of melanogenesis-related genes including microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), and TYRP2 to 78.9%, 0.3%, and 0.2%, respectively. Thymocid® (10 µg/mL) also suppressed the protein expression levels of MITF (by 15.2%) and TYRP1 (by 97.7%). Findings from this study support the anti-aging and antimelanogenic potential of Thymocid® as a bioactive cosmeceutical ingredient for skin care products.
Highlights
Nigella sativa Linn., commonly known as black seed, black cumin, or cumin noir, originated in regions of Eastern Europe, the Middle East, northern Africa, the IndianNutrients 2020, 12, 2146; doi:10.3390/nu12072146 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrientsNutrients 2020, 12, 2146 subcontinent, and the west and middle of Asia [1]
Black cumin seeds are a good source of plant-based proteins as they have been reported to have a high index of net protein utilization, protein efficiency ratio, and net dietary protein energy percent [3]
Showed effects similar to those of TQ may contribute to the overall skin beneficial effects of Thymocid, other phytochemicals anti-elastase and antityrosinase conducted in this study
Summary
(family Ranunculaceae), commonly known as black seed, black cumin, or cumin noir, originated in regions of Eastern Europe, the Middle East, northern Africa, the Indian. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2146 subcontinent, and the west and middle of Asia [1]. In these regions, it has a long history of use for culinary purpose as a spice, natural seasoning, or flavoring, as well as for medicinal purposes in traditional folk medicine systems to treat a variety of ailments [2]. Black cumin seeds are recognized for their great nutritional value as a source of nutrients including iron, copper, zinc, phosphorus, calcium, thiamin, niacin, pyridoxine, and folic acid [3]. Other phytochemicals, such as alkaloids including nigellicine, nigellimine, nigellidine, 17-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-4-O-methylnigellidine, 4-O-methylnigellidine, nigelanoid, nigeglanine, and
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