Abstract
Thymic regulatory T (Treg) cell production requires interleukin 2 (IL-2) and agonist TCR ligands, and is controlled by competition for a limited developmental niche, but the thymic sources of IL-2 and the factors that limit access to the niche are poorly understood. Here we show that IL-2 produced by antigen-bearing dendritic cells plays a key role in Treg cell development, and that existing Treg cells limit new Treg cell development by competing for IL-2. . Our data suggest that antigen-presenting cells that can provide both IL-2 and a TCR ligand comprise the thymic niche, and that competition by existing Treg cells for a limited supply of IL-2 provides negative feedback for new Treg cell production.
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