Through the central V2, not V1 receptors influencing the endogenous opiate peptide system, arginine vasopressin, not oxytocin in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus involves in the antinociception in the rat

Abstract

Our previous study has proven that hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) played a role in the antinociception. The central bioactive substances involving in the PVN regulating antinociception were investigated in the rat. The results showed that electrical stimulation of the PVN increased the pain threshold, and l-glutamate sodium injection into the PVN elevated the pain threshold, but the PVN cauterization decreased the pain threshold; pain stimulation raised the arginine vasopressin (AVP), not oxytocin (OXT), leucine-enkephalin (L-Ek), β-endorphin (β-Ep) and DynorphinA 1–13 (DynA 1–13) concentrations in the PVN tissue using micropunch method, heightened AVP, L-Ek, β-Ep and DynA 1–13, not OXT concentrations in the PVN perfuse liquid, and reduced the number of AVP-, not OXT, L-Ek, β-Ep and DynA 1–13-immunoreactive neurons in the PVN especially in the posterior magnocellular part of the PVN using immunocytochemistry. There was a negative relationship between the PVN AVP concentration and the pain threshold; pain stimulation enhanced the AVP, not OXT mRNA expression in the PVN using in situ hybridization and RT-PCR; intraventricular injection of anti-AVP serum completely reversed l-glutamate sodium injection into the PVN-induced antinociception, and administration of naloxone — the opiate peptide antagonist, partly blocked this l-glutamate sodium effect, but anti-OXT serum pretreatment did not influence this l-glutamate sodium effect; l-glutamate sodium injection into the PVN-induced analgesia was inhibited by V2 receptor antagonist — d(CH 2) 5[D-Ile 2, Ile 4, Ala–NH 2 9]AVP, not V1 receptor antagonist — d(CH 2) 5Tyr(Me)AVP. The data suggested that the PVN was limited to the central AVP, not OXT, which was through V2, not V1 receptors influencing the endogenous opiate peptide system, to regulate antinociception.