Abstract
The magnitude of thrombosis in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is yet to be understood fully. Thrombosis in COVID-19 patients depends on multiple factors like the severity of the disease, presence or absence of prophylactic anticoagulants, and the number of anticoagulants prescribed. Histologically, lung tissues from COVID patients show florid capillary endothelitis with microthrombi formation in alveolar capillaries and small pulmonary vessels. Inflammation and diffuse alveolar damage, extensive pulmonary macrophage activation and diffuse interstitial inflammation play an important role in microthrombi formation in the pulmonary vessels. If antithrombotic therapy is already prescribed before the diagnosis of COVID-19, it should be continued. For all hospitalized pregnant patients, prophylactic anticoagulant therapy is prescribed unless contraindicated. Anticoagulant therapy during labor requires special care. Appropriate therapeutic and prophylactic anticoagulant regimens must be initiated as and when required including in the post discharge phase.
Highlights
Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was Rakshana et al.; JPRI, 33(47B): 721-727, 2021; Article no.JPRI.75498 declared as a pandemic in March 2020 and has been affecting the world
This study revealed that 71.4% of non-survivors and 0.6% survivors met the criteria of disseminated intravascular coagulation during their stay at the hospital [11]
Elezkurtaj et al [13] demonstrated that 23.1% of COVID patients died due to pulmonary thromboembolism and 7.7% of COVID patients died from deep venous thromboembolism and the rest died due to other complications [13]
Summary
(SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in acute respiratory illness epidemic which was termed as COVID-19. Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was. Covid-19 may predispose to both arterial and venous thromboembolism due to excessive inflammation, hypoxia, diffuse intravascular coagulation and immobilization [2]. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis are manifestations of venous thromboembolism [3]. They share common risk factors, and pulmonary embolism is a consequence of deep vein thrombosis. The magnitude of thrombosis in COVID patients is yet to be understood fully. Thrombosis in COVID depends on multiple factors like the severity of the disease, presence or absence of prophylactic anticoagulants, and the number of anticoagulants prescribed. Along with affecting organs like lung and GI Tract COVID leads to a hypercoagulable state
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