THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN PREGNANCY AND ITS CORRELATION WITH MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOME

Abstract

Introduction-Thrombocytopenia during pregnancy is an under investigated condition in Indian ladies and is frequently underdiagnosed. Beside paleness, thrombocytopenia is the most widely recognized hematological condition happening during pregnancy and influences 7–8 % of all pregnant women Aim To study the relationship between thrombocytopenia in pregnancy associated with various causes and its effects on fetal and maternal outcomes. Material And Method The current studywas a 2 year prospective study which was carried out in the Haematology section of Pathology Department in a tertiary care hospital . Blood samples of inpatients as well as outpatient pregnant women having platelet count less than 1.5 lakhs /mm3 in the third trimester were screened and included in the study. Results Out of 275 thrombocytopenic cases, 68.73% (189 cases) had mild thrombocytopenia,132/275 (48%) belonged to the age group of 23-27 years.Etiological factors causing maternal thrombocytopenia in this study were gestational thrombocytopenia (64.73%) i.e.178/275 cases, The mean platelet count in cases of gestational thrombocytopenia was 1,09620 ± 26130.25/mm3. Maximum number of cases in this study were primigravidae i.e. 156 /275cases (56.73%) Chi square test result (p value < 0.05) was statistically significant. Among 13 cases of eclampsia, 9/13 cases i.e. (69.23%) delivered preterm. Low birth weight was observed in 28/53 cases i.e. (52.83%) of pre- eclampsia cases, One case of 32 years died due to acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Conclusions Platelet count estimation and peripheral blood smear examination can help to assess the severity of disease causing maternal thrombocytopenia and thus can reduce both the maternal and fetal complications if detected and treated early in the course of the illness. Thus, serial estimation of platelet count in pregnant women having thrombocytopenia has a great impact in reducing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.