Abstract
The Average Power Laser Experiment (APLE) is a 10 kW free-electron laser (FEL) oscillator operating at 10 μm. Sideband control is required for optimal tapered-undulator power extraction. Sideband suppression with a 10 lines/mm Littrow grating on one of the cavity end mirrors is examined using a full three-dimensional, time-dependent numerical simulation. The relevant 3-D physical aspects including optical pulse stretching, angular wavelength dispersion, losses at apertures in the resonator, and differential head-to-tail steering of the optical micropulse are examined. The grating restores near-ideal power output and a near transform-limited optical spectrum. Littrow grating operation increases the sensitivity of the FEL to changes in e-beam energy, thus establishing an important tolerance for the allowable energy fluctuation level.
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